What are the 3 types of basic fabrics in textile industry?
Three Basic Fabric Structures in Textiles
1. Woven Fabrics
Made by interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles
Warp yarns run lengthwise
Weft yarns run widthwise
Have neat, strong selvage edges
Stable structure with low stretch
Common weaves: plain, twill, satin
2. Knitted Fabrics
Formed by looping single yarn(s)
Horizontal rows called courses
Vertical columns called wales
Good elasticity and softness
Density determined by needle spacing and loop length
Higher production speed than weaving
3. Nonwoven Fabrics
Made directly from fibers
Bonded by adhesive, heat or mechanical methods
No need for spinning or weaving
Fastest production speed
Customizable properties
Widely used in medical and industrial fields
Composite Fabrics
Combine two or more basic structures
Examples: tufted fabrics, lace fabrics
May combine with foam or other materials
Offer combined characteristics
Key Differences
Woven: Most stable structure
Knitted: Best elasticity
Nonwoven: Fastest production
Understanding these fundamentals helps:
Make better fabric selections
Control product quality
Optimize production processes
Develop new products
These form the foundation of textile industry – all innovations build upon these three basic structures.
